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Vδ bus: V iand δ iare specified P iand Q iare calculated. PQ buses are normally used to represent load buses without voltage control, and PV buses are used to represent generation buses with voltage control in power flow calculations. PV bus: P iand V iare specified Q iand δ iare calculated. PQ bus: P iand Q iare specified V iand δ iare calculated. The assessment of the power flow problem is based on four variables for each “i” bus (network node) :ĭepending on which of the above four variables are known (given) and which ones are unknown (to be calculated), two basic types of buses can be defined: These equations represent both Kirchhoff?s Voltage Law and network operation limits.
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The estimation of the power flow problem can be expressed using an adequate series of nonlinear equations. The MATLAB tool we are preparing performs several objectives through many power systems methods including: (i) the unsymmetrical faults analysis including line‐to‐ground fault, line‐to‐line fault, and double line‐to‐ground fault, (ii) the Newton‐Raphson method, and (iii) the economic dispatch.
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Thus, the software performs several calculations as the load changes. Finally, for the economic dispatch, the value of the incremental cost and the generated powers will change as the value of the demand changes. For the unbalanced faults, one must calculate the sequence and phase of voltages and currents depending on the type of fault, but computer software will calculate these values within few milliseconds and very accurately.
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In the Newton‐Raphson method, computer software may solve up to 100,000 or 150,000 buses in very short time, and more accurate when converging to the final solution obeying a specified level of tolerance. Human can deal with little number of buses, and if the number of buses is high, the hand calculations are very complex. In addition, they were able to enhance their basic knowledge and improve their way of thinking.Īn electric power system is sometimes very complex to analyze using hand calculations especially, if there are nonlinear equations, and a high number of buses. Since its adoption, students show better understanding of these concepts. In addition, it was included in the curriculum for the graduate electrical engineering students in the Lebanese International University. This tool is developed to help students in their education and research studies. This chapter describes a new MATLAB power system analysis toolbox that uses capabilities of MATLAB in numeric computations to investigate fault calculation, power flow, and economic dispatch of a given power systems. Due to several educational and research features, MATLAB becomes one of the efficient and adequate programs in many scientific domains and especially in power systems. For research and education goals, flexibility, and simplicity are more important than computation. This drawback is present because they do not authorize the modification of algorithms or adding new models. However, they are inadequate for research and education intentions. These tools present efficient computational programs for analysis. Several commercial programs are available in the market (Power World Simulator, Power System Simulator …). There are two classes of power system simulation tools analysis: commercial and educational programs.